The density of a plastic sample may change due to change in crystallinity. Materials data book 2003 edition cambridge university engineering department. The growth is largely fuelled by engineering plastic rapidly replacing traditional plastics and other materials in several applications, growing popularity of biopet, and an increase in the purchasing power in developing economies. As engineering plastics are not as rigid as metals, it is essential to support the work adequately during machining in order to prevent deflection or deformation, e. Engineering plastic properties chart for engineers. The correlations and equations are given, which are needed for estimation of. These properties range from high temperature performance to dimensional stability and excellent electrical insulation properties. Engineering plastics material selection a design guide. Physical and mechanical properties of materials melting temperature 9 density 10 youngs modulus 11. This depends on the state of the part, the geometry and the internal stress of the. Plastic material properties table mechanical, physical.
Pdf over the last several decades, thermoplastics have flour ished, replacing traditional materials such as glass, metal, and wood. Plastics engineering as a field focuses on designing, developing, and manufacturing of plastic parts that satisfy the requirements of the intended application. From food containers to automobiles, appliances, toys. Bulletin of the transilvania university of bra sov vol. Properties of plastics or polymers play a vital role in the field of mechanical engineering. Mechanical properties of plastic materials material formula abrasive resistance astm d1044 mg cycles coefficient of friction compression set after 24 hr at 175c % compressive modulus gpa compressive strength mpa elongation at break % hardness rockwell izod impact strengt h j m1 poissons ratio tear strength n mm1 tensile modulus.
Types of plastics pdfproperties of thermosetting plastics. Engineering properties of polyethylene introduction a fundamental understanding of material characteristics is an inherent part of the design process for any piping system. Thermoplastic consumption is roughly 80% or more of the total plastic consumption. Code 7 is used to designate miscellaneous types of plastic. Chapter 3 material properties plastics pipe institute. Polystyrene is commonly recycled, but is difficult to do. For chemically resistant plastic, view our chemical resistance of plastics chart. Typical engineering properties of plastics materials.
Mechanical engineers calculate those forces and material scientists how materials deform elongate, compress, twist or break as a function of applied load, time. For that, in this article, i am exploring the necessary properties of polymers in a detailed manner. Elastic deformation e is youngs modulusor modulus of elasticity, has the same units as. The housing inspections division is part of the building services department and is located in the city services center. An example is abs, a terpolymer containing repeat units of acrylonitrile, butadiene, and styrene. Introduction often materials are subject to forces loads when they are used. Each plastic material has its own peculiar properties to suit its particular uses. Highperformance plastics for aviation and aerospace. Pdf speciality polymers, engineering polymers and commodity. Although the information and statements herein are believed to be accurate, no guarantee of their accuracy is made.
Recycled plastics are used to make polymeric timbers for use in picnic tables, fences and outdoor playgrounds, thus providing low maintenance, no splinters products and saving natural lumber. Many material properties can be determined from the results of a tensile. Engineering plastic properties reference supply services. Engineering plastics might be anisotropic as the result of the manufacturing or. Plastics technology handbook plastics properties and testing. Today, engineering plastics can be found in virtually every aspect of our lives.
Perhapsthemostnatural test of amaterials mechanical properties is the tensiontest,in which astriporcylinderofthematerial,havinglengthlandcrosssectionalareaa,isanchoredatone end and subjected to an axial load p a load acting along the specimens long axis at the. It is calculated by dividing the mass of the material by the volume and is normally expressed in gcm 3. Some of the useful properties of various engineering polymers are high strength or modulus to weight ratios light weight but comparatively stiff. Recycled plastics can be blended with virgin plastic plastic that has not been processed before without sacrificing properties in many applications. Due to the ideal properties of the thermoplastic polymers such as corrosion resistance, low density, high strength, and userfriendly design, plastic usage has become much higher than the usage of aluminum or other metals.
Because when you fully understand the significant differences between machining plastics. This means that each plastic product that is designed for specific application has to satisfy the three fs. The success of plastic as an engineering material will depends up on the selection of variety of plastic. Thermoplastics physical properties engineering toolbox. As market penetration increased, people started to look for ways to reduce the cost of the plastic materials and for ways to extend the property spectrum, to allow.
Physical properties of some thermoplastics like abs, pvc, cpvc, pe, pex, pb and pvdf. Greene, csu 7 medical plastics and composites use containers bottles, bags drug delivery iv bags, syringes tubing and tools for surgery implants, artificial skins the use of plastic materials in the medical field, about 4 billion dollars in. Pom with its broad type diversity is an engineering plastic. Engineering plastics market growth, trends, and forecast. Also, as a mechanical engineering student, we learn which machining process is suitable for a particular type of material. Methods of recycling, properties and applications of. Engineering sciences mechanical properties of rubber an overview al. The housing inspections division is responsible for inspections of all residential rental properties within the city of cedar rapids as well as investigating rental property complaints. Also, you may want to use our plastic material selection guide or interactive thermoplastics triangle to assist with the material selection process based on your application requirements. Many engineering materials, such as metals, plastics, and concrete, are. Mechanical properties and performance of materials samples of engineering materials are subjected to a wide variety of mechanical tests to measure their strength, elastic constants, and other material properties as well as their performance under a variety of actual use conditions and environments.
Physical properties of some common plastic materials are indicated below. Material selection a design guide lanxess energizing chemistry. Chapter 6 mechanical properties university of tennessee. Generally, fundamental science such as structure and properties of these materials are studied at engineering level. It can also be expressed as the r eduction of area of the specimen during the tensile test.
Highperformance plastics have to show special properties in their resistance to chemicals, in order to be used in the aviation and aerospace industry. Manufacturing properties of engineering materials lecture notes prof. This document pdf may be used for research, teaching and private study. Replacement of metals by plastics is favored as exemplified in terms of key materials where mankind the physical properties and operating. Engineering plastic an overview sciencedirect topics. Several studies have been carried out to reuse scraptires in a variety of rubber and plastic products, incineration for production of electricity. For example, density is a very important parameter because it reveals. Our machinable plastic types are frequently used to produce industrial plastics for applications in the automotive, manufacturing, engineering, electronic, food and transport industries. Plastic solutions for mechanical engineering ensinger. Technical properties density measures the mass per unit volume.
Use our interactive properties table below to explore by property group, sort, or compare two or more plastic materials. Typical reactions for chain assembling are polyaddition continuous or step wise and condensation polymerization polycondensation 1 figure 1. The market for engineering plastics is expected to register a cagr of over 5% in terms of revenue, during the forecast period. Pdf applied plastics engineering handbook researchgate. Such polymers exhibit relatively low mechanical properties and are of low cost. Chapter 6 engineering properties of soil and rock nysdot geotechnical page 68 june 17, 20 design manual 6. The field of mechanical engineering has traditionally been focused on steel and metal alloys in order to achieve higher mechanical strength and precision of parts. A comprehensive guide on high heat plastic polyphenylene sulfide pps is a highperformance, engineering thermoplastic characterized by an unusual combination of properties. Engineering toolbox resources, tools and basic information for engineering and design of technical applications. Properties of plastics can be modified through the use of reinforcing agents, fillers, and chemical additives. Plastics engineering and design engineering materials and design. When you want to apply any type of load on a particular member, you need to know its material properties, density, etc. Engineering plastics market by type, enduse industry.
Engineering plastics are mainly used for applications where a good ratio between costs and properties are needed at moderate temperatures. Properties and uses of plastics as a construction material. Classification and applications of engineering materials metals. Other engineering properties such as fatigue resistance, flammability. Engineering plastics are a group of plastic materials that have better mechanical andor thermal properties than the more widely used commodity plastics such as polystyrene, pvc, polypropylene and polyethylene being more expensive, engineering plastics are produced in lower quantities and tend to be used for smaller objects or lowvolume applications such as mechanical parts, rather than. Items such as disposable coffee cups, plastic food boxes, plastic cutlery and packing foam are made from ps. With such an understanding, the piping designer can use the properties of. Thermoplastics can be softened as often as they are reheated and are not so rigid as thermosetting plastics but tend to be rougher.
Thermal properties of plastic materials material formula coefficient of thermal expansion x106 k1 heatdeflection temperature 0. Chapter 3 material properties 45 an additional objective of this chapter is the presentation of values for the major properties that are used for material classification and piping design, and a brief description of the methods based on which these properties are determined. New standards recently adoptedon october 23, 2018, the city of cedar rapids adopted sudas, which replaced the metropolitan standard specifications and details. Ensinger produces a wide range of engineering plastics which are predominantly used for mechanical applications and components of industrial machinery.