Chapter 6 engineering properties of soil and rock nysdot geotechnical page 68 june 17, 20 design manual 6. Chapter 6 mechanical properties university of tennessee. Thermoplastics physical properties engineering toolbox. Pdf speciality polymers, engineering polymers and commodity. Greene, csu 7 medical plastics and composites use containers bottles, bags drug delivery iv bags, syringes tubing and tools for surgery implants, artificial skins the use of plastic materials in the medical field, about 4 billion dollars in. The goal of this technical guide is to demystify the art of machining plastics. For chemically resistant plastic, view our chemical resistance of plastics chart. Engineering plastic properties chart for engineers. Chapter 3 material properties 45 an additional objective of this chapter is the presentation of values for the major properties that are used for material classification and piping design, and a brief description of the methods based on which these properties are determined. Also, you may want to use our plastic material selection guide or interactive thermoplastics triangle to assist with the material selection process based on your application requirements. Plastic material properties table mechanical, physical. This means that each plastic product that is designed for specific application has to satisfy the three fs.
The density of a plastic sample may change due to change in crystallinity. Plastics technology handbook plastics properties and testing. Although the information and statements herein are believed to be accurate, no guarantee of their accuracy is made. Engineering toolbox resources, tools and basic information for engineering and design of technical applications. It is calculated by dividing the mass of the material by the volume and is normally expressed in gcm 3. New standards recently adoptedon october 23, 2018, the city of cedar rapids adopted sudas, which replaced the metropolitan standard specifications and details. Each plastic material has its own peculiar properties to suit its particular uses. The success of plastic as an engineering material will depends up on the selection of variety of plastic. Elastic deformation e is youngs modulusor modulus of elasticity, has the same units as. Physical and mechanical properties of materials melting temperature 9 density 10 youngs modulus 11. Mechanical properties and performance of materials samples of engineering materials are subjected to a wide variety of mechanical tests to measure their strength, elastic constants, and other material properties as well as their performance under a variety of actual use conditions and environments. Plastics engineering as a field focuses on designing, developing, and manufacturing of plastic parts that satisfy the requirements of the intended application. Chapter 3 material properties plastics pipe institute.
Pdf over the last several decades, thermoplastics have flour ished, replacing traditional materials such as glass, metal, and wood. Due to the ideal properties of the thermoplastic polymers such as corrosion resistance, low density, high strength, and userfriendly design, plastic usage has become much higher than the usage of aluminum or other metals. Physical properties of some common plastic materials are indicated below. Introduction often materials are subject to forces loads when they are used. As engineering plastics are not as rigid as metals, it is essential to support the work adequately during machining in order to prevent deflection or deformation, e. Thermoplastics can be softened as often as they are reheated and are not so rigid as thermosetting plastics but tend to be rougher. Perhapsthemostnatural test of amaterials mechanical properties is the tensiontest,in which astriporcylinderofthematerial,havinglengthlandcrosssectionalareaa,isanchoredatone end and subjected to an axial load p a load acting along the specimens long axis at the. Pom with its broad type diversity is an engineering plastic. The field of mechanical engineering has traditionally been focused on steel and metal alloys in order to achieve higher mechanical strength and precision of parts. Methods of recycling, properties and applications of. The correlations and equations are given, which are needed for estimation of. Engineering properties of polyethylene introduction a fundamental understanding of material characteristics is an inherent part of the design process for any piping system.
Mechanical engineers calculate those forces and material scientists how materials deform elongate, compress, twist or break as a function of applied load, time. As market penetration increased, people started to look for ways to reduce the cost of the plastic materials and for ways to extend the property spectrum, to allow. Typical reactions for chain assembling are polyaddition continuous or step wise and condensation polymerization polycondensation 1 figure 1. Polystyrene is commonly recycled, but is difficult to do. Bulletin of the transilvania university of bra sov vol. Engineering plastics are a group of plastic materials that have better mechanical andor thermal properties than the more widely used commodity plastics such as polystyrene, pvc, polypropylene and polyethylene being more expensive, engineering plastics are produced in lower quantities and tend to be used for smaller objects or lowvolume applications such as mechanical parts, rather than. Physical properties of some thermoplastics like abs, pvc, cpvc, pe, pex, pb and pvdf.
For that, in this article, i am exploring the necessary properties of polymers in a detailed manner. Also, as a mechanical engineering student, we learn which machining process is suitable for a particular type of material. The growth is largely fuelled by engineering plastic rapidly replacing traditional plastics and other materials in several applications, growing popularity of biopet, and an increase in the purchasing power in developing economies. Today, engineering plastics can be found in virtually every aspect of our lives. Code 7 is used to designate miscellaneous types of plastic.
Recycled plastics are used to make polymeric timbers for use in picnic tables, fences and outdoor playgrounds, thus providing low maintenance, no splinters products and saving natural lumber. With such an understanding, the piping designer can use the properties of. For example, density is a very important parameter because it reveals. Mechanical properties of plastic materials material formula abrasive resistance astm d1044 mg cycles coefficient of friction compression set after 24 hr at 175c % compressive modulus gpa compressive strength mpa elongation at break % hardness rockwell izod impact strengt h j m1 poissons ratio tear strength n mm1 tensile modulus. The housing inspections division is part of the building services department and is located in the city services center. Engineering plastics market by type, enduse industry. Engineering sciences mechanical properties of rubber an overview al. Properties and uses of plastics as a construction material. Technical properties density measures the mass per unit volume.
Types of plastics pdfproperties of thermosetting plastics. Our machinable plastic types are frequently used to produce industrial plastics for applications in the automotive, manufacturing, engineering, electronic, food and transport industries. From food containers to automobiles, appliances, toys. Several studies have been carried out to reuse scraptires in a variety of rubber and plastic products, incineration for production of electricity.
This depends on the state of the part, the geometry and the internal stress of the. The market for engineering plastics is expected to register a cagr of over 5% in terms of revenue, during the forecast period. Use our interactive properties table below to explore by property group, sort, or compare two or more plastic materials. Items such as disposable coffee cups, plastic food boxes, plastic cutlery and packing foam are made from ps. Engineering plastics might be anisotropic as the result of the manufacturing or. Ensinger produces a wide range of engineering plastics which are predominantly used for mechanical applications and components of industrial machinery. Highperformance plastics have to show special properties in their resistance to chemicals, in order to be used in the aviation and aerospace industry. An example is abs, a terpolymer containing repeat units of acrylonitrile, butadiene, and styrene. Some of the useful properties of various engineering polymers are high strength or modulus to weight ratios light weight but comparatively stiff. Plastic solutions for mechanical engineering ensinger. Materials data book 2003 edition cambridge university engineering department. Recycled plastics can be blended with virgin plastic plastic that has not been processed before without sacrificing properties in many applications.
Manufacturing properties of engineering materials lecture notes prof. It can also be expressed as the r eduction of area of the specimen during the tensile test. Pdf applied plastics engineering handbook researchgate. These properties range from high temperature performance to dimensional stability and excellent electrical insulation properties. Engineering plastics market growth, trends, and forecast. When you want to apply any type of load on a particular member, you need to know its material properties, density, etc. Many engineering materials, such as metals, plastics, and concrete, are. The housing inspections division is responsible for inspections of all residential rental properties within the city of cedar rapids as well as investigating rental property complaints. Engineering plastics are mainly used for applications where a good ratio between costs and properties are needed at moderate temperatures. Plastics engineering and design engineering materials and design. Many material properties can be determined from the results of a tensile. Generally, fundamental science such as structure and properties of these materials are studied at engineering level. Thermal properties of plastic materials material formula coefficient of thermal expansion x106 k1 heatdeflection temperature 0. A comprehensive guide on high heat plastic polyphenylene sulfide pps is a highperformance, engineering thermoplastic characterized by an unusual combination of properties.
Replacement of metals by plastics is favored as exemplified in terms of key materials where mankind the physical properties and operating. Other engineering properties such as fatigue resistance, flammability. Engineering plastic properties reference supply services. Because when you fully understand the significant differences between machining plastics. Engineering plastics material selection a design guide. Such polymers exhibit relatively low mechanical properties and are of low cost.